Wednesday, December 25, 2019

As a former Dutch colony, Indonesia has adopted a criminal...

As a former Dutch colony, Indonesia has adopted a criminal justice system within the civil law tradition. During the colonial period, The Dutch government established dual criminal justice system. First was The Reglement op de Strafvordering which closely same as the Dutch Criminal Procedure for Europeans, Chinese and other foreign oriental. This code was much stricter, and therefore better protected under the law. Other code was the Inlandsch Reglement for Indonesians which under the much looser and more flexible Indonesian code of procedure (Pompe, 2005 : 46). It gave far less protection and fewer right to defendant/ suspect. The judicial process was also different, the Netherlands Indies Supreme Court which head three courts as a†¦show more content†¦After Indonesian independence, the HIR adopted with some conditions. It made many interpretations of its law enforcement implementations. (Purnomo, 1984 : 21) Since then, the law enforcement institutions such as the police and the IPS competed to get the powerful authority than another (Lev, 2000 : 74-97). The police was not the hulp magistraat (part of the prosecution service) anymore, they shifted out its investigation authority from the IPS supervision to be more independent, the judicial supervision for the indictment to the IPS was revoked and the IPS was part of the executive. Every institutions had their own interpretation on the HIR based on their own law, which some of these was not in line with the HIR. These practices made the criminal law enforcement in the turmoil. Then, in 1964, the Indonesian Government initiated a drat of criminal procedure code to dealt with these multiple interpretations of the HIR. There were various meeting between the police, the IPS and the judicial Institution for negotiating their roles and authorities in the criminal justice system. In 1976, a draft for a new Indonesian Criminal procedure Code was submitted to the legislative, and five years later, in 1981, a new code of criminal procedure the Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Acara Pidana (KUHAP) was enacted. This code continued to follow most of the Dutch legacy of criminal procedure, with adding some new features. The KUHAP tried to adjust the procedureShow MoreRelatedPre-Columbian Period9302 Words   |  38 Pagesreferred to today as Cahokia. 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Monday, December 16, 2019

Essay about A Man Who Knew Balance A Rags-to Riches Tale

A Man Who Knew Balance Of all the rags-to-riches tales in history, there are none that can compare to the likes of Andrew Carnegie’s. Although Carnegie was a man whose character fell somewhere between callous and benevolent, his abundant contributions to America are nothing short of remarkable. His journey is an exemplary display of the true opportunity that you are given in America regardless of the card you have been dealt. While his sheer wealth was very notable, his philanthropic influences are not to go unnoticed either. Andrew Carnegie was one of the first businessmen to promote public-spirited philosophies that simultaneously achieved individual profit and benefited the America as a whole. Andrew Carnegie was born on November†¦show more content†¦One of his most prominent business ventures was the Keystone Bridge Company, a bridge-building company that was founded in 1865. Having established business contacts through the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, Carnegie was able to build his first steel plant in order to begin building bridges with steel in lieu of iron and wood, which were less economically constructive materials at the time (Nackliss, 575-605). Essentially, this was the way in which Carnegie had exposed himself to the steel industry. Carnegie, again, had a stroke of luck when finding himself in such an industry: increased demand for railroads had thereby increased demand for steel. Because of this demand, new processes were being developed to expedite the methods though which steel had been made. The most successful man to do such a thing was Henry Bessemer with the Bessemer process in 1855. The process revolutionized steel, as we know it by implementing oxidation in order to prevent impurities in the alloy. Andrew Carnegie, having a hardy entrepreneurial spirit, utilized this process to mass-produce his own goods. The Carnegie Steel Company, in an endeavor to minimize competition, would employ a growth andShow MoreRelatedEssay o n Jay Gatsby’s Dangerous Illusions in The Great Gatsby1253 Words   |  6 Pagesfinancial success through hard work. F. Scott Fitzgeralds novel, The Great Gatsby, puts this premise to the test while also warning against the dangers of believing too passionately in any dream. The central character, Jay Gatsby, proves a tragic hero who succeeds financially but fails emotionally when he attempts to hold onto something from the past(Mizener 126).  Ã‚   Gatsby not only possesses imaginative dreams, but also idealistic illusions. These illusions eventually result in the unfortunate downfallRead MoreImpact of Science on Society38427 Words   |  154 Pageseven the length and quality of life itself, science has generated changes in the moral values and basic philosophies of mankind. Beginning with the plow, science has changed how we live and what we believe. By making life easier, science has given man the chance to pursue societal concerns such as ethics, aesthetics, education, and justice; to create cultures; and to improve human conditions. But it has also placed us in the unique position of being able to destroy ourselves. To celebrate the 25thRead MoreImpact of Science on Society38421 Words   |  154 Pageseven the length and quality of life itself, science has generated changes in the moral values and basic philosophies of mankind. Beginning with the plow, science has changed how we live and what we believe. By making life easier, science has given man the chance to pursue societal concerns such as ethics, aesthetics, education, and justice; to create cultures; and to improve human conditions. But it has also placed us in the unique position of being able to destroy ourselves. To celebrate the 25thRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesto Globalization 16 †¢ Managing Workforce Diversity 18 †¢ Improving Customer Service 18 †¢ Im proving People Skills 19 †¢ Stimulating Innovation and Change 20 †¢ Coping with â€Å"Temporariness† 20 †¢ Working in Networked Organizations 20 †¢ Helping Employees Balance Work–Life Conflicts 21 †¢ Creating a Positive Work Environment 22 †¢ Improving Ethical Behavior 22 Coming Attractions: Developing an OB Model 23 An Overview 23 †¢ Inputs 24 †¢ Processes 25 †¢ Outcomes 25 Summary and Implications for Managers 30 S A

Sunday, December 8, 2019

100 Years of History Essay Example For Students

100 Years of History Essay CURRENT EVENTS: 1945-19961945On April 12 Harry S. Truman became President of the United States of America., In Washington, D.C. On August 6 at 9:15 a.m. US fighter planes dropped an Atomic Bomb on Hiroshima Japan. In Berlin, Germany on April 30, Adolf Hitler was found dead, Hitler committed suicide. 1946On October 16 in Nurenburg, 9 Nazi war criminals were hanged for the crimes during WW II. On April 25 Big Four Ministers met in Paris to finalize a treaty with Germany, to end WWII. In Austria Queens New York, on October 22, Chester Carlos tried his experiment that is commonly known as the Xerox machine. 1947On November 20, in England, Queen Elizabeth gets married to her cousin Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. On November 2, at the Long Beach Harbor, in Los Angeles, the Spruce Goose, the worlds largest airplane, flies for the first time. It got to 70 feet and flew for a mile. On April 7, in the US, Henry Ford dies at the age of 83. 1948On July 7, in Cleveland, Satchel Paige, a Negro sidearm pitcher, signed a contract to pitch for the all white Cleveland Indians, against the Yankees. In Washington, D.C. on June 24, President Harry S Truman signs a new Draft Act, requiring men 19 to 25 to register for the US military. On January Mohandas K Gahndi was assassinated at 78, in India, he died 20 minutes after being shot. 1949On the continent of the United States, Albert Einstein presents his gravitational theory to the world, on December 26. On July 27, Captain John Cunningham, a WW II fighter ace, flies the first jet airline, the Comet, from Britain. On October 10 in New York, Jackie Robinson wins the World Series MVP1950On January 25 the North Korean Reds invade Southern Korea by crossing the 38 Th parallel, a line set to separate the Korean land given to the Russians after WWII. On July 31 President Truman, from the White House in Washington, D.C., authorizes military build up in Korea, to stop the communist invasion of southern Korea. On August 21, in the US, Negro tennis player, Althea Gibson, becomes the first Negro to be admitted to pro tennis. 1951On January 15 the UN slows down the attack by North Korea and China in Korea. On November 28 the UN makes the 38 Th parallel a truce line for North Korea and South Korea, putting an end to the Korean war. In October, in New York the Yankees beat the Mets to win the World Series. 1952On March 5, in Washington, D.C., Dwight Eisenhower becomes president of the United States by a landslide. In Cuba on March ; the US signs a military aid pact with Cuba. On January 1 Illinois defeats Stanford 40-7 at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena, California. 1953On March 5 in Moscow, Joseph Stalin dies in a hospital, sometime before 10:00 p.m., after suffering from a heart attack. On June 2, in England, Elizabeth the II is crowned queen of England. On September 2 in Newport, Rhode Island, John Fitzgerald Kennedy gets married to Jacqueline Lee Buoveir. 1954On January 31 in Berlin the Big 4 met to discuss concerns for atomic weaponry. The Nautilus, the first US atomic submarine, is launched from Connecticut, at a harbor in Groton, on January 21. Joe Dimaggio got married to Marilyn Monroe at the San Francisco City Hall, on January 14. 1955On July 18 in Anaheim, California, Disneyland opens Never Never Land. The Big Four at Geneva on July 23 decided to discuss the problems in Europe at a later date, sometime in October. French tanks, in Morocco, on July 27, halt Moroccan riots, killing 56 people in the process. 1956On February 24 in Montgomery, Alabama buses are being boycotted, which was started by Rosa parks have gotten about 115 Negroes arrested. In April the Supreme Court rules that Negroes can ride buses with equal rights in Virginia, and will soon be enforced in 12 other southern counties. On March 22 in Montgomery, Alabama, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., a reverend, and equality movement leader, was arrested and found guilty for orchestrating the bus boycotts. 1957On January 21 President Eisenhower is sworn in for his second term as president, in Washington, D.C. On January 4 the UN reopened the Suez Canal, after repairing damage done during the Suez Canal incident. On January 10 in Britain, Harold Macmillian replaced Anthony Eden as prime minister of Britain. 1958On February 1, the US launched its first space satellite from Cape Canaveral Florida. On February 25 former Cuban President Carlos Prio Socarras was arrested for planning an invasion of the US. Painter Georges Rouault, famous deep faith painter, died at 86 in Paris on Fe1959On Mat 28, two Monkeys, that were sent on an American space trip, a seven-pound rebus monkey named Able, and Baker, a 1 pound squirrel monkey, were picked up alive and well after landing in the Atlantic Ocean. On May 27 ex Secretary of State Forester Dulles died of cancer. On May 1 in Brazil, Claire Boothe Luce, resigned as ambassador of Brazil. 1960On November 9, in Washing ton DC, John F Kennedy is elected president of the United States of America. On November 12 the Discoverer XVII was launched into space from Vandenburgh Air Force Base. On November 16 Clark Gable died of a heart condition in Hollywood. 1961On May 25 Alan B Sheppard Jr. was the first American in space for 15 minutes. On May 20, in Montana, freedom riders were beaten by 1,000 white men, 20 with clubs. On November 22 in Montgomery, Alabama, 400 National Guardsmen fight with a white mob, besieging Dr. king and 1,500 others in Dr. Kings church at the time. 1962On October 28 a new agreement between Kennedy and Cuban premier Khrushchev put an end to the terrible week, known as the Cuban Missile Crisis. On February 26 Lt. Col John H Glenn Jr., is the first American to orbit earth. On August 5 in Los Angeles, Marilyn Monroe was found dead, with a vial of sleeping pills beside her. 1963On August 28 200,000 people crowded the Lincoln Memorial to hear Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. give his I Have a Dream speech. On November 22, in Dallas, Texas, Lee Harvey Oswald, Assassinated American President John F Kennedy. On November 25 in DC, JFK was buried in Arlington Cemetery as the nation mourns. 1964Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. wins the Noble Peace Prize on December 10On December 16 Massachusetts Senator Edward Kennedy walked out of a hospital after six months, because of a broken spine, received in a plane accident. On December 10 near Jackson, Mississippi, 21 Ku Klux Klan members were arrested1965On March 28 25,00 civil rights demonstrators led by Dr. King and Abernathy, walked 50 miles from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama. On March 18 Soviet Aleksei A Leonov Became the first man to leave the spacecraft in space. On February 15, Nat King Cole Dies. 1966On March 19 the Gemini 8 piloted by Neil Armstrong and David Scott, made the first two craft space docking with the Agena spacecraft. On June 6, Cape Canaveral sent an unmanned spacecraft to film the moon, the Gemini 9. On November 8, State Attorney General Edward W Brooke, was elected by popular vote, to become the first Negro senator. 1967On August 30 Thurgood Marshall becomes the first Negro on the supreme court, Washington, D.C. Peer Pressure EssayIsrael invaded Lebanon in June to attempt to end PLO attacks. 1983On April 18 in Beirut, the US Embassy Building was bombed. 40 was the total death toll, with eight dead Americans and eight more presumed dead. Police believed the bombing was a suicide attack, by a man driving a car with 300 pounds of TNT. On April 13, the state of Chicago elects its first black mayor, Harold Washington. On September 1, a Korean Boeing 747 was gunned down by Soviet army jets. No explanation was given on why the Soviet Union gunned down the commercial flight, but the 269 passengers all died. 1984In July of 84, the Los Angeles Olympics opened like a Hollywood show. Economic reforms in China begin. On December 3, in Bhopal ,India, 50 tons of methyl isocyanide escaped into the air, from American pesticide company, Union Carbide.2,500 people died and over 100,000 were injured from the gas leak. 1985On January 21, due to cold weather and Americas premier winter sporting event, President Ronald Reagan was sworn in for his second term twice. Once legally and once for the American people. Reagan re-enacted the presidential oath on the day after, Super Bowl Sunday. On September 19 a earthquake the it Mexico, registered at 8.1. The earthquake hit Mexico City hard, damaging thousands homes and buildings. Combined with the 7.5 after shock, 20,000 people died. On November 1920 Ronald Reagan and Mikael Gorbachev had a summit to lay ground work for a disarmaments agreement and better US, Soviet relations. 1986At 11:38 a.m. the Challenger lifted off for 74 seconds before it exploded, killing the crew, as a horrified nation watched. Francis R Scab, the pilot, Michael J Smith, astronauts Judith A Resnik, Ronald E McNair, Ellision S Onizuka, Gregory B Jarvis, and a high school teacher from Concord, New Hamshpire, Crista McAullfie. On July 4 at Midnight all ships from dinghies to cruise ships are bobbing in the New York Bay, as fireworks went off in the air to celebrate the 100 Th birthday of the Statue of Liberty. On APRIL 26 in the Ukraine, Chernobyl nuclear power plant reactor 4 began to release radio activity. This is the first time a accident occurred in reactor 4. This is the worst Nuclear accident in the history of the world1987On October 19 the stock market had the largest drop in history. It dropped 508 points and 604 million shares changed hands. It became known as Black Monday. The Meech Lake Accords were worked out in 87. The accords were supposed to give Canada a constitution but the accords werent voted in. In December of 87 Palestinians living on the Gaza Strip, began an uprising against Israel because of 20 years of Israel occupation of the Gaza Strip. 1988In November George Bush a republican is elected in Washington DC, to be the 41st president of the United States of America. During the year of 1988 the largest banking scandal in United States history occurred. The Bank of Commerce and Credit International, had nine executives arrested along with 76 employees for money laundering. On December 21 Pan American Boeing 747, to go to London from New York, exploded over Lockerbie, Scotland. The reportedly placed at the Rhiem-Meir airport in Germany, killed the 259 people on the plane and 11 people on the ground. This is one of the worst Arab. terrorist attacks ever. 1989Shortly after midnight on December 20, the United States invaded Panama to force Manuel Noriega out of power. Noriega was sought out for charges of smuggling drugs from Panama to the United States. On March 24 the oil tanker Exxon Valdez wrecked, I Prince William Sound, Alaska, spilling over 200,000 barrels of oil into the water. It was the worst American oil spill in history. On November 9 the Berlin wall opened and West and East Germany became one nation again. 1991On January 16 the United States attacked Iraq for invading Kuwait. The American attack was called operation Desert Storm. On December 8 the three republic of the Soviet Union, formed a new federation to end the Soviet Union. The Pittsburgh Penguins win their first Stanley Cup. 1992In November, Bill Clinton, a Democrat from Arkansas, is elected 42nd president of the United States. On April 30 the not guilty verdict, by an all white jury, for the Los Angeles cops that beat Rodney King, started LA riots. More than 50 people were killed and over one billion dollars in property damage was reported. Innocent bystanders were beaten, stores were looted, and buildings were set on fire. The Pittsburgh Penguins win their 2nd title and go back to back. 1993On January 20, the 42nd President, Bill Clinton, is sworn into office. In the middle of the work day on February 26, huge explosioned ripped through one of the World Trade Center towers. 6 people were killed, 1,000 injured. This being the biggest terrorist attack in the United States, the bomb was said to weigh 1,210 pounds. It was in a car in the parking lot, 50,000 were evacuated through stairwells. Ahmad M Ajaj, Nidal A Ayyad, Mahmud Abouhalima, and two others were arrested. On October 6, Chicago Bulls star, Michael Jordan, retires. The superstar, with many scoring titles and three rings, later signed a contract to play baseball for the White Sox, but was sent to the minors. 1994Starting on June 17, and lasting until July 17, The World Cup, soccers World Series, was held in the us for the first time. It started with a game between Germany and Bolivia in Chicago, and ended in Los Angeles after Brazil defeated Italy for the cup. Other games were held in Detroit, San Francisco, Dallas, Washington DC, New York and Orlando. Amman Jordan Israel Prime minister and Jordans Prime Minister Abd as-Salam al-Majali, initialized a peace treaty between their two nations in Israel. It ended enmity since the State of Israel came to be in 1948OJ Simpson was arrested for suspected murder of his wife, Nicole Brown Simpson, and her friend Ron Goldman. He was captured after a slow speed chase, in a white ford bronco, driven by his friend AC. They drove on a LA highway1995On January 17, the biggest earthquake in 50 years hit Japan. It was 7.2 on the Richter scale. It heavily damaged Kobe, killing 5,000 people over a 60 mile radius. 31,000 buildings and homes were destroyed, 275,000 people were homeless. The massive earthquake only lasted 20 seconds. OJ Simpson was acquitted on his murder charges of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ron Goldman. 19 Israelis were killed, 60 others wounded when two suicide bombers blew up a crowded bus stop in Tel-Aviv. The militant group Islamic Jihad claimed responsibility. 1996In April of 96 the Menendez brothers were convicted of murdering their parents a few years ago, and were sentenced to life in prison. The Chicago Bulls break a NBA record by wining 70 game in one season. The 73-9 Bulls, broke the record set by the Los Angeles Lakers was 69. In April of 96, Ted Kaszinski was arrested in suspicion of being the unibomber. Teds brother David told someone who told the FBI, that Ted may be the unibobmer after seeing some of Teds writing and its similarty with the unibombers. Another reason was David noticed that most of the places the bomb were sent from, his brother was living in a the time. This, if Ted is convicted, could end the longest manhunt in FBI history.

Sunday, December 1, 2019

The Flies Essays - The Flies, Orestes, Electra, Erinyes,

The Flies Title: The Flies (Les Mouches) Author: Jean-Paul Sartre Publisher: Vintage International Edition, October 1989 Genre: Dramatic play Setting: City of Argos, Greece Minor characters: Aegistheus- He overthrows Agamemnon, makes Clytemnestra his wife and takes rule of Argos. He invents lies in order to make his people fear him. This only proofs that he is poor when it comes to having an actual strong character. A king shouldnt have to create lies. His people should both respect and fear him for his authority, but due to his lack of authority he takes it upon himself to create these conditions so that he may get what he wants from his people. Tutor- He is Orestes advisor who is basically responsible for Orestes education and practically raised and nurtured him. He is wise and seems to be logical. The Tutor in my opinion is of importance to the play because he offers Orestes with support and logical advice. Electra- Daughter of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra. When she was young Clytemnestra and her stepfather Aegistheus murdered her father. She grows to become a rebel. For fifteen years all she dreamt of was murder and revenge. When she is reunited with her long lost brother Orestes, she persuades him to avenge the murder of their father. Once this is accomplished she cant confront the consequences of her actions. She takes side with Zeus and takes his words as her excuse (It was committed by someone else; one could hardly say even that you were his accomplice pg.114). Electra is a vital contribution to this play because she plays and fits the role of The Stone. Main character: Orestes, son of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra was to be executed as an infant but instead he escaped and was raised by good-natured people. Years later while he was still young, he returns to his native homeland Argos. His sister Electra persuades him to avenge their fathers death by killing his mother and stepfather. One of Orestes main conflict or problem was actually killing Aegistheus and his mother. This is a not a big conflict for him. He is destined to do this no matter what may result out of it. One can say the solution to his problem was the actual action of killing both his mother and stepfather, which he does surprisingly with no remorse. We can see this because he puts it best: Remorse? Why should I feel remorse? I am only doing what is right(-pg.102), The most cowardly of murders is he who feels remorse(-pg.116). Orestes is the true hero of the play because he did what he had to. Not only that, but he did it so that he may win the name of guilt-stealer; casting all his peoples remorse on himself so that he can earn the freedom of Argos (-pg.91). At the end of the play Orestes is persuaded by the furies. This could imply that he suffers, but yet he is still the hero and he does accomplish what he was destined to do. English Essays